Absolute encoders are capable of sensing rotational or angular motions and translating them into electrical signals. These devices are commonly referred to by various names, including rotary absolute pulse encoders, rotary absolute encoders, or simply absolute encoders. In contrast to incremental encoders, absolute encoders consistently provide the current position value. Even if the encoder is physically manipulated while powered off, the current position can be promptly and directly retrieved upon restoring the voltage supply.
Within the realm of absolute encoders, two main categories exist: single-turn and multi-turn encoders.
Single-turn Absolute Encoders
A single-turn absolute encoder is a type of rotary encoder that provides a unique digital code for each position within a single revolution (360 degrees) of its shaft. This means that it can precisely determine the exact angle or position of the shaft within one full rotation, and it does so without the need for additional reference points or homing procedures.
Multi-turn Absolute Encoders
A multiturn absolute encoder is a type of rotary encoder that provides information about both the single-turn position (within a full 360-degree rotation) and the number of complete rotations or "turns" of the shaft. In other words, it can determine the absolute position of the shaft across multiple revolutions.
Multiturn absolute encoders are especially useful when you need to keep track of position over many full rotations of the shaft. They typically consist of two main parts:
- Single-Turn Encoder: This part functions like a standard single-turn absolute encoder and provides the position information within one full revolution of the shaft.
- Multi-Turn Counter: The multiturn counter keeps track of the number of full rotations (turns) the shaft has made. It adds or subtracts the appropriate number of turns as the shaft rotates, ensuring that the total position remains accurate.
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